雖然工地上這兩種機械都經(jīng)常能看到，但還是有區(qū)別的，這里就來給大家科普一下：

Although these two types of machinery can often be seen on construction sites, there are still differences. Here, let me give you a brief introduction:

　　首先我認為最簡單的最好區(qū)分的就是俗名，因為大家都是用最好理解的叫法去稱呼，不想學(xué)名，有時候比較難弄清。

First of all, I think the simplest and best way to distinguish is through common names, because everyone uses the most understandable way of addressing them and doesn't want to learn their names, which can sometimes be difficult to understand.

　　挖掘機一般工地上都叫挖機，看上去就少了一個字，但是裝載機就差得比較多，裝載機一般是叫鏟車。其實這就很明顯了，一個是“挖”的，一個是“鏟”的，挖掘機的鏟斗是像手臂一樣吊起來的，裝載機的鏟斗是一般不作業(yè)的時候近乎貼著地面。

Excavators are commonly referred to as excavators on construction sites, which may appear to be missing one word, but loaders are much worse, and loaders are generally referred to as forklifts. In fact, this is very obvious, one is "digging" and the other is "shovel". The excavator bucket is lifted like an arm, and the loader bucket is usually close to the ground when not in operation.

　　當然兩者之間還是有很多共同之處的，首先不管是開挖掘機還是裝載機，都是需要具有的相應(yīng)的操作證的，這個證書是必須持有的上崗基本證書，是證明你能夠安全操作機械的證書。

Of course, there are still many similarities between the two. Firstly, whether you are operating an excavator or a loader, you need to have a corresponding operation certificate. This certificate is a basic job certificate that you must hold, which proves that you can safely operate machinery.

　　對于通用的工程建設(shè)機械，一般只需要培訓(xùn)合格證書、施工作業(yè)操作證書和技能等級證書即可。有老師傅說挖掘機證裝載機證是安監(jiān)局頒發(fā)，或者是住建廳、質(zhì)監(jiān)局頒發(fā)的，其實這個消息是已經(jīng)過時了。

For general construction machinery, only training certificates, construction operation certificates, and skill level certificates are generally required. A teacher said that the excavator certificate and loader certificate were issued by the safety supervision bureau, or by the housing and construction department or the quality supervision bureau, but in fact, this news is outdated.

　　從2012年開始，挖掘機、裝載機等大部分機種的建設(shè)機械已經(jīng)不屬于特種設(shè)備，不涉及特種作業(yè)，因此也不再是特種作業(yè)證書。

Since 2012, most types of construction machinery such as excavators and loaders are no longer considered special equipment and do not involve special operations, therefore they are no longer special operation certificates.

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